Generation 5 Jet - It is a product of PAK FA (Russian: ПАК ФА, abbreviated: Перспективный авиационный комплекс фронтовой авиции, romanized: Perspektiveline a Front-Frontjektivat Program. /1.42) launched in 1999 as the domestic name of Sukhoi aircraft is T-50. The Su-57 is the first Russian fighter jet to be equipped with stealth technology, and is the cornerstone of the stealth fighter family.
A role-playing fighter capable of air combat as well as land and sea attacks, the Su-57 has stealth, supermaneuverability, supercruise, integrated avionics, and significant internal capabilities.
Generation 5 Jet
The aircraft is expected to succeed the MiG-29 and Su-27 in service with the Russian military, and has also been marketed for export. The first aircraft of its type flew in 2010, but the program will experience a long development due to various structural and technical problems encountered during testing, including the destruction of the first production aircraft. accident before delivery. After repeated delays, the first Su-57 entered service with the Russian Air Force (VKS).
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In 1979, the Soviet Union defined the need for a next-generation fighter jet for service in the 1990s. The program became the I-90 (Russian: И-90, short: Истребитель 1990–х годов, lit. 'Fighter of the 1990s') and required the fighter to be "multi-functional" (ie, integrated) with tangible. base. attack capabilities, which will indeed replace the MiG-29 and Su-27 in front-line strategic aviation service. Two subsequent projects were planned to meet these requirements: the MFI (Russian: МФИ, short: Многофункциональный фронтовой истребитель, lit. 'Multifunctional Frontline Fighter'), and the Mini Ligs Frontline Fighter. '), with conceptual work from 1983.
Although not a participant in the MFI, Sukhoi began its program in 1983 to develop next-generation technology, which resulted in the first wing of the S-32 in test flight, then the S-37 and th Su- 47 to reform. Lacking funds after the collapse of the Soviet Union, MFI was repeatedly delayed and the first flight of the MiG 1.44/1.42 did not take place until 2000, nine years behind schedule.
Due to high costs, the MFI and LFI were actually discontinued as the Russian Ministry of Defense began work on a new fighter program; In 1999, the ministry launched the PAK FA or I-21 program, the tender was announced in April 2001.
Due to Russia's financial crisis, the program aimed to control costs by producing a single fifth-generation fighter to replace both the Su-27 and MiG-29. Additional measures to save include the size difference between the Su-27 and the MiG-29 and the MiG MFI's 28.6 tons (63,000 lb) and the Su-47's 26.8 tons (59,000 lb).
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Sukhoi's approach to PAK FA competition was fundamentally different from Mikoyan's; While Mikoyan proposed that the three design bureaus (Mikoyan, Sukhoi and Yakovlev) work collaboratively with the winning team leading the design effort, Sukhoi's proposal was the start of a lead designer including a joint working agreement. From wheel development and manufacturing circuits, propulsion and avionics suppliers to research facilities. In addition, the two companies had different design philosophies for the aircraft. Mikoyan's E-721 was smaller and more economical, with a typical takeoff weight of 16–17 tons (35,000–37,000 lb) and two Klimov VK-10M engines of 10–11 tons (98.1–108 kN). , 22, 000–24, 300 lbf) per thrust. In contrast, Sukhoi's T-50 would be larger and more capable, targeting a typical payload of 22–23 tons (49,000–51,000 lb) and powered by two Lyulka-Saturn AL-41F1 engines each. . 14.5-ton (142 kN, 32,000 lbf) maximum payload in class.
In April 2002, the Ministry of Defense selected Sukhoi over Mikoyan as the winner of the FAK FA competition and the lead design bureau for new aircraft.
In addition to the merits of the proposal, Sukhoi's experience in the 1990s, with a variety of Su-27s and many exports, was considered to ensure its financial stability.
Mikoyan continued to develop its own E-721 as the LMFS (Russian: ЛМФС, short: Лёгкий многофункциональный фронтовой файлов, lit. 'Light Multifunctional Frontline Aircraft).
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PAK FA's research and development program is called Stolitsa (Russian: Столица, lit. 'Capital City'). In 2002, Alexander David was selected as the chief designer of the T-50 by Sukhoi.
The Novosibirsk Aircraft Production Association (NAPO) and the Komsomolsk-on-Amur Aircraft Production Association (KnAAZ) will build the new multi-role fighter, with KnAAZ demonstrating at the latest meeting in Komsomolsk-on-Amur.
After the competition was held in 2003, Technokompleks Scientific and Production Cter, Ramskoye Instrumt Building Design Bureau, Tikhomirov Scientific Research Institute Instrumt Design (NIIP), Ural Optical and Mechanical Plant (UOMZ) in Yekaterinburg, Polet Firm in Nizhny Novgorod. And the Central Moscow Institute of Scientific Research Radio Engineering was selected to develop the PAK FA cockpit. In April 2004, NPO Lyulka-Saturn (now NPO Saturn) was signed as a contractor for the production of design izdeliye 117 of AL-41F1 engines.
Sukhoi used existing graphics as test beds for various subsystems and concepts; Su-47 tested internal weapons, and Su-27M variants served as test beds for flight systems and engines.
Th Generation Fighter
To reduce development risk and spread related costs, as well as to bridge the gap between existing fourth-generation fighters, Sukhoi used some of the T-50's technology and features, such as propulsion and special avionics, to to be an advanced derivative of Su- . 27, known as the T-10BM (Russian: БМ, short: большая Моднержания, lit. 'Major Modernization'), was purchased by the Russian Ministry of Defense in 2009 and served as the Su-35S.
In December 2004, the concept design and layout of the T-50 was completed and approved by the Ministry of Defense; Government funding for the program began in 2005 and increased significantly in 2006 when detailed design was carried out.
On August 8, 2007, the Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Air Force, Alexander Zelin, was quoted by Russian news agencies as saying that the development phase of the program had been completed and the construction of the first flight test aircraft had begun, with three aircraft in the air. A suitable T-50 model is planned. It was built in 2009.
From the early stages of the FAK FA program, Russia sought foreign cooperation in the project to increase funding for its development and secure large export orders.
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On 18 October 2007, Russia and India signed an agreement with Sukhoi and Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) to jointly develop the Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA), a derivative of the PAK FA.
In September 2010, India and Russia agreed on a preliminary design agreement where each country would invest $6 billion; A memorandum of understanding was signed in December 2010 for the initial design, and development of the FGFA is expected to take 8-10 years.
In 2014, however, the Indian Air Force began to express concerns about performance, cost, and mission sharing. India withdrew from the partnership in 2018.
Regular flights of the T-50 have been repeatedly delayed since early 2007 after encountering unspecified technical problems. In August 2009, Alexander Zelin admitted that the problems of genetics and technological research have not been solved.
Sukhoi Su 57
On 28 February 2009, the director of Sukhoi Geral Mikhail Pogosyan announced that the airframe is almost finished and the first version will be ready in August 2009.
On August 20, 2009, Pogosyan said that the first flight will take place d in the year. Konstantin Makiko, deputy head of the Moscow-based Ctre for strategic and technical analysis, said that "despite the delay" the plane will make its first flight in January or February and that commercial production will take up to five years. .
Flight testing was further delayed when Deputy Prime Minister Sergei Ivanov announced in December 2009 that the first tests would begin in 2010.
The first taxi test was successfully completed on December 24, 2009, and the first flight of the T-50-1 aircraft took place on January 29, 2010.
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Senior Sukhoi test pilot Sergei Bogdan, the plane's 47-minute flight took place at the Dzemgi airport of KnAAPO in the far east of Russia.
Construction of the prototype will be later than originally planned; As of October 2013, the test program has accumulated more than 450 flights on five aircraft.
A total of T-flying and three non-flying versions of the T-50 will be built for initial flight testing and regional testing.
Initially, the program planned to have six models before starting serial production; Although the investigation shows that the early models did not have sufficient fatigue life, early structural cracks developed in the airframe.
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The aircraft later underwent a structural redesign, including changes such as increased use of composite materials, enhanced aerodynamics to meet full life cycle requirements, a longer tail and "color "ah and somewhat long wings; The sixth prototype that could fly was the first redesigned "second stage" aircraft, with the initial five prototypes therefore considered "first stage" vehicles requiring additional structural reinforcement to continue testing. the flight.
The last two types of flight were test articles of the production Su-57 aircraft with full operational systems on board.
While the "second stage" structural remodeling is required for weight gain in strength
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